I've got this error during execution of "validate database verbose db_name spfile ;" on Oracle 12.2.
The error encountered when property DGConnectIdentifier for the database was set to easyconnect string with shared or dedicated connection type (like 'hostname/service_name:dedicated') or expanded tns entry was used (like '(description=...)').
DataGuard Broker build the connection string with additional useless fragments of database dispatchers setting making the connection string invalid :
Unable to connect to database using hostname/service_name:dedicatedf)(connections=100)(sessions=100)
The error had gone when property DGConnectIdentifier was set to easyconnect string without ":dedicated" piece or to the name of the tns entry (from tnsnames.ora or from ldap).
Update : the issue can occur when validated database also has got dispatchers parameter set to non-default value.
Good Luck !